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Computer Awareness for Competitive Exams - Part 1

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History Of Computers 
  • Abacus was an oldest method of mathematical computations. Firstly used by by the  ancient Sumerians between 2700-2300 BC.
  • Logarithms ( a printed table for mathematical calculations) was invented by John Napier in 1617.
  • Pascaline - a calculating machine was invented by Blaise Pascal in 1642.
  • Analytical Engine - a pioneer of computers was designed by a Mathematics Professor Charles Babbage .
Generations of Computers

First Generation ( Period 1945 – 1955 )

  • First Electron Digital Computer was created by John V Atanasoff and Clifford Berry . The computer designed by them was called as Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC).  
  • Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) was also created (1946)during this period.
  • Universal Automatic Computer (UNIVAC 1) was created in 1951 . It was the first computer for commercial use.
  • International Business Machine (IBM) was created in 1953.Vacum Tube was used.
  • There  was no OS (Operating System)
  • No multi tasking, only single task at a time.
Second Generation (Period 1955 – 1965)
  • Vacum Tube was replaced by Transistors  
  • Memory, Operating System, Storage Media, Printers were used.
Third Generation ( Period 965-1975)
  • Integrated Circuit was used
Fourth Generation (Period 1975-1989)
  • Microprocessor was invented by Ted Hoff during this period. Microprocessor consists of numerous Integrated Circuits (IC). 
  • Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) circuits used.
Fifth Generation (Period 1989-till date)
  • ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration) technology Circuit  is used.
  • Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology is the highligh in this generation.
Types of Computer

1.Super Computers
2.Main Frame Computers
3.Mini Computers
4.Micro Computers

Note : The Desktops, Laptop or Note Book commonly used by us comes under Micro Computers .
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